Peru Travel Guide: Everything You Need to Know

Peru is one of those places that has something for everyone. Whether you’re here to hike to Machu Picchu, explore the Amazon, or eat your way through Lima, you’ll never run out of things to do. The country is big, the landscapes are diverse, and travel takes time, so planning ahead makes a huge difference.

This guide covers when to visit, how to get around, and what to see so you can make the most of your trip. Whether you have a week or a month, you’ll find everything you need to know right here.

Best Time to Visit Peru

Peru has different climates depending on the region, so the best time to visit depends on where you’re going.

May to September: The dry season in the Andes and the best time for visiting Machu Picchu, Cusco, and trekking in the Sacred Valley. Days are sunny, but nights can be cold, especially at high altitudes. This is also peak tourist season, so expect crowds.
October to April: The rainy season in the Andes but a great time to visit the Amazon, the coast, and desert regions. Rain can make hiking difficult, but landscapes are lush and green. February is the wettest month, and the Inca Trail is closed for maintenance.
December to March: The best time for Peru’s coastline, including Lima and the northern beaches. Summer temperatures make it ideal for surfing and beach towns.

For most travelers, May to September is the best time to visit, but if you’re heading to the coast or Amazon, the rainy season may be better.

Peru’s Weather and What to Pack

Peru has a mix of climates, so packing depends on where you’re going and when. From high-altitude cities to humid jungles and dry deserts, it’s important to be prepared.

Weather by Region

The Andes (Cusco, Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley, Lake Titicaca): Dry season (May to September) has sunny days and cold nights, with temperatures ranging from 30°F to 70°F (-1°C to 21°C). Rainy season (October to April) is warmer but wetter, with occasional heavy downpours.
The Amazon (Iquitos, Puerto Maldonado, Manu National Park): Hot and humid year-round, with temperatures between 75°F and 90°F (24°C to 32°C). The rainy season (November to April) brings heavier showers but also more active wildlife.
The Coast (Lima, Paracas, Mancora): Summer (December to March) is hot and sunny, with temperatures up to 85°F (29°C). Winter (June to September) is cooler and foggy, especially in Lima, with temperatures around 55°F to 65°F (13°C to 18°C).

What to Pack for Peru

For the Andes: Layers, including a fleece or insulated jacket, warm hat and gloves, breathable hiking clothes, and sturdy walking shoes.
For the Amazon: Lightweight, moisture-wicking clothing, a rain jacket, insect repellent, and quick-dry shoes or sandals.
For the Coast: Summer clothes, sunglasses, sunscreen, and a light jacket for Lima’s cooler evenings.
For All Regions: A daypack, reusable water bottle, sunscreen, and a travel adapter for Peru’s electrical outlets.

Packing for Peru requires a little planning, but being prepared for different climates makes your trip much smoother.

Visa and Entry Requirements

Most travelers can enter Peru without a visa, but entry rules depend on your nationality.

Who Needs a Visa?

Visa-free entry: Citizens of the United States, Canada, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Australia, and most South American countries can enter Peru visa-free for up to 90 or 183 days, depending on nationality.
Visa required: Travelers from some countries in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East must apply for a visa at a Peruvian consulate before arrival. Check Peru’s immigration website for the latest requirements.

Entry Requirements

A passport valid for at least six months beyond your arrival date
Proof of onward travel (not always checked but required by law)
A completed Tarjeta Andina de Migración (Andean Migration Card), issued upon arrival and required when exiting the country

Additional Travel Considerations

Overstaying your visa: Travelers who exceed their permitted stay must pay a fine upon departure.
Multiple entries: Most nationalities can exit and re-enter Peru for a new visa-free period, but border officials have discretion.
Entering from Bolivia or Ecuador: Land border crossings are straightforward but can take time, so arriving early is best.

Peru’s visa policies are relatively simple, but checking the latest requirements before your trip is always a good idea.

Currency, Budgeting, and Costs

Peru uses the Peruvian sol (PEN), though US dollars are also accepted in many tourist areas. Credit cards are widely used in cities, but cash is essential for small towns, markets, and transportation.

Average Daily Costs

Budget travelers: $25 to $50 per day (hostels, street food, public transport)
Mid-range travelers: $50 to $150 per day (boutique hotels, guided tours, restaurants)
Luxury travelers: $150+ per day (high-end hotels, private guides, premium experiences)

Credit Cards and ATMs

Visa and Mastercard are the most widely accepted credit cards. American Express is less common.
ATMs are available in cities and towns but can have withdrawal limits and fees. It’s best to withdraw larger amounts at once.
Cash is needed for taxis, markets, and local restaurants, especially in rural areas.

Tips for Saving Money

Use public transportation instead of taxis for short distances.
Eat at local markets and menú del día spots for affordable, authentic meals.
Book domestic flights and Machu Picchu tickets in advance to get better prices.
Bargain at markets and souvenir shops, as prices are often inflated for tourists.

Peru is affordable compared to other South American countries, but costs vary depending on your travel style.

Getting to Peru: Flights and Transportation

Peru is well-connected to international destinations, with Lima’s airport serving as the main entry point for travelers.

Flights to Peru

Most international flights arrive at Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) in Lima. Direct flights are available from major cities in North America, Europe, and other parts of South America.

From the United States: Direct flights operate from cities like Miami, Los Angeles, New York, Houston, and Atlanta. Major airlines include LATAM, American Airlines, Delta, and United.
From Europe: Direct flights are available from Madrid, Amsterdam, and Paris, with airlines such as Iberia, KLM, and Air France.
From South America: There are frequent flights from cities like Bogotá, Santiago, Buenos Aires, and São Paulo, making Peru easy to reach from neighboring countries.

Flights from North America typically take 6 to 8 hours, while flights from Europe range between 11 and 13 hours.

Overland Travel to Peru

If you’re arriving from a neighboring country, land border crossings are an option.

From Ecuador: The most common entry point is at Huaquillas (Ecuador) to Tumbes (Peru). Buses run between Guayaquil and Piura, or you can take a flight from Quito or Guayaquil to Lima.
From Bolivia: The main border crossing is at Desaguadero, near Lake Titicaca. Another option is crossing at Kasani, which connects to Puno via bus.
From Chile: The Tacna-Arica border crossing is a popular route for those traveling between Peru and northern Chile. From Tacna, buses travel to Arequipa and Lima.

Ferries and Alternative Transport

Peru does not have major international ferry connections, but in the Amazon, slow boats and speedboats connect Iquitos with border towns in Colombia (Leticia) and Brazil (Tabatinga). These journeys can take multiple days and are best for travelers looking for an adventurous experience rather than a fast route.

Most travelers arrive by plane, but overland options are available for those exploring South America by bus.

Getting Around Peru

Peru is a large country with varied landscapes, so transportation options depend on where you’re traveling. While domestic flights are the fastest way to cover long distances, buses and trains offer scenic routes through the mountains and coast.

Domestic Flights vs Long-Distance Buses

Domestic flights: The quickest way to travel between major cities, especially for destinations like Cusco, Arequipa, and Iquitos. Airlines like LATAM, Sky Airline, and Star Peru operate frequent routes. Booking in advance helps secure the best fares.
Long-distance buses: A cheaper alternative, with comfortable options on premium services like Cruz del Sur and Oltursa. Bus travel is ideal for routes like Lima to Arequipa or Cusco to Puno, but expect long travel times due to winding mountain roads.

Trains and Scenic Rail Routes

Peru has limited train routes, but the available ones offer some of the most scenic rides in South America.

Cusco to Machu Picchu: The most famous train route, operated by PeruRail and Inca Rail. Trains depart from Cusco, Poroy, and Ollantaytambo, with a range of budget and luxury options.
The Andean Explorer: A luxury train from Cusco to Puno and Arequipa, passing through high-altitude landscapes and remote villages.
Huancayo to Huancavelica: A lesser-known but scenic train route through the central Andes, popular with adventurous travelers.

Renting a Car: What to Know

Driving in Peru is not recommended for most travelers due to chaotic city traffic and difficult rural roads.
Coastal highways are in good condition, but mountain roads can be narrow and winding, especially in remote areas.
Car rentals are best for travelers exploring places like the desert near Paracas or the northern beaches, where public transport is less frequent.

Public Transport, Taxis, and Ride-Hailing Apps

Public buses are the cheapest way to get around cities, but they can be slow and crowded.
Taxis are common but often unmetered, so negotiating a price before getting in is necessary.
Uber and InDriver operate in major cities like Lima and Cusco, offering a safer alternative to street taxis.

Most travelers rely on a mix of domestic flights, buses, and trains to get around Peru efficiently.

Where to Go in Peru

Peru has a mix of ancient ruins, colonial cities, vibrant markets, and diverse landscapes. Whether you’re exploring the high-altitude Andes, the Amazon Rainforest, or the Pacific coastline, each region offers something unique.

Lima: The Culinary and Cultural Capital

Peru’s capital is often overlooked, but it’s the best place to experience the country’s food scene and history.

Historic Center: Colonial-era architecture, including the Plaza Mayor, San Francisco Monastery, and Government Palace.
Barranco: A bohemian neighborhood filled with colorful murals, ocean views, and lively bars.
Miraflores: The modern part of the city with parks, shopping, and the famous cliffside walkway known as Malecón de Miraflores.
World-class restaurants: Lima is home to some of the best restaurants in the world, including Central and Maido.

Cusco: Gateway to the Sacred Valley

Once the capital of the Inca Empire, Cusco is now the jumping-off point for visiting Machu Picchu.

Plaza de Armas: The heart of the city, surrounded by historic churches and restaurants.
Sacsayhuamán: An ancient fortress with massive stone walls offering panoramic views of Cusco.
San Pedro Market: A great place to try fresh juice, street food, and local specialties.
Day trips to the Sacred Valley: Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Moray are all easily accessible from Cusco.

Machu Picchu: How to Visit the Lost City

One of the New Seven Wonders of the World, Machu Picchu is Peru’s biggest attraction.

Inca Trail: A four-day trek that follows ancient paths to Machu Picchu.
Train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo: The most popular and comfortable way to reach Aguas Calientes, the town below Machu Picchu.
Salkantay Trek: A five-day alternative to the Inca Trail with fewer crowds and stunning mountain views.
Huayna Picchu: A steep hike above the ruins with incredible views.

The Sacred Valley: Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Moray

Located between Cusco and Machu Picchu, the Sacred Valley is filled with Incan ruins and traditional villages.

Pisac Market: One of the best places to buy artisan crafts and souvenirs.
Ollantaytambo: A well-preserved Incan town with a fortress that played a key role in resisting Spanish conquest.
Maras Salt Mines: A collection of salt evaporation ponds used since pre-Incan times.
Moray: A series of circular agricultural terraces that the Incas likely used as a farming laboratory.

Lake Titicaca: The Floating Islands and Andean Culture

Straddling the border of Peru and Bolivia, Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world.

Uros Floating Islands: Man-made islands built from reeds, home to the Uros people.
Taquile Island: Known for its textile-weaving traditions and stunning lake views.
Amantaní Island: A peaceful island where visitors can stay with local families.

Arequipa: The White City and Colca Canyon

Arequipa is Peru’s second-largest city, known for its white volcanic stone buildings and breathtaking landscapes.

Santa Catalina Monastery: A colorful colonial monastery that feels like a city within a city.
Plaza de Armas: Surrounded by historic buildings, including the impressive Arequipa Cathedral.
Colca Canyon: One of the world’s deepest canyons, home to Andean condors and traditional villages.

The Amazon Rainforest: Iquitos vs. Puerto Maldonado

Peru’s Amazon region offers some of the most biodiverse landscapes on the planet.

Iquitos: Only accessible by boat or plane, this Amazon city is a base for river cruises and jungle lodges.
Puerto Maldonado: A more accessible Amazon destination, offering wildlife-rich lodges and river excursions.
Manu National Park: A remote, protected rainforest with unmatched biodiversity.
Pacaya Samiria National Reserve: One of the best places in Peru to see pink river dolphins and giant otters.

Huaraz and the Cordillera Blanca: High-Altitude Adventures

For outdoor enthusiasts, the Cordillera Blanca offers some of the best trekking in South America.

Laguna 69: A stunning turquoise lake reached by a challenging but rewarding day hike.
Santa Cruz Trek: A four-day trek through breathtaking Andean scenery.
Pastoruri Glacier: One of the few glaciers in the tropics, accessible by a day trip from Huaraz.
Huascarán National Park: A UNESCO-listed area with snow-capped peaks and deep valleys.

Paracas and Huacachina: Desert, Dunes, and the Ballestas Islands

These coastal destinations offer a mix of wildlife and adventure sports.

Ballestas Islands: Often called the “poor man’s Galápagos,” these islands are home to sea lions, penguins, and birds.
Paracas National Reserve: A protected coastal area with dramatic cliffs and beaches.
Huacachina: A desert oasis where travelers can go sandboarding and ride dune buggies.

The Northern Beaches: Mancora and Surf Towns

Northern Peru’s beaches are warm year-round, making them a great place to relax.

Mancora: A lively surf town with a mix of backpacker and luxury resorts.
Vichayito: A quieter alternative with beachfront bungalows.
Punta Sal: One of the most exclusive beach destinations in Peru.

Peru has a huge variety of landscapes and cities, making it a great destination for all types of travelers.

Top Things to Do in Peru

Peru offers a mix of history, nature, adventure, and culture. Whether you want to explore ancient ruins, hike through the Andes, or experience vibrant city life, there’s something for every traveler.

Must-See Landmarks and Attractions

Machu Picchu: The most famous Incan city and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
Nazca Lines: Mysterious geoglyphs best seen from a small plane.
Chan Chan: The largest adobe city in the world, built by the Chimú civilization.
Kuelap: Often called the “Machu Picchu of the North,” this pre-Incan fortress is surrounded by cloud forest.
Sacsayhuamán: An Incan site above Cusco with massive stone walls.
Gocta Waterfall: One of the tallest waterfalls in the world, hidden in the Amazon region.

Best Outdoor Adventures: Trekking, Sandboarding, and More

Inca Trail: A four-day hike that leads directly to Machu Picchu.
Salkantay Trek: A high-altitude alternative to the Inca Trail with fewer crowds.
Colca Canyon: One of the world’s deepest canyons, known for its condor sightings.
Laguna 69: A challenging but rewarding hike in the Cordillera Blanca.
Huacachina Sandboarding: Ride down massive sand dunes at this desert oasis.
Amazon River Expeditions: Multi-day boat trips to explore Peru’s rainforest wildlife.

Peru’s Most Scenic Train Rides

Cusco to Machu Picchu: A train ride through the Sacred Valley, with options ranging from budget-friendly to luxury.
The Andean Explorer: A luxury train connecting Cusco, Puno, and Arequipa with stunning Andean landscapes.
Ferrocarril Central Andino: One of the highest railway routes in the world, traveling through the Peruvian highlands.

Markets, Artisan Goods, and What to Buy

Pisac Market: Famous for handmade textiles, alpaca wool, and silver jewelry.
San Pedro Market (Cusco): A great place to try local food and buy traditional crafts.
Miraflores Artisans’ Market (Lima): A good spot for high-quality souvenirs.
Ayacucho Textiles: Some of the finest woven fabrics in Peru, known for their intricate designs.
Peruvian coffee and cacao: Available in local markets and specialty shops.

Peru offers a mix of cultural experiences and outdoor adventures, making it a must-visit destination for all types of travelers.

Peru Itineraries

Planning your trip depends on how much time you have and what kind of experience you’re looking for. Whether you’re focusing on history, adventure, or a mix of everything, these itineraries cover Peru’s must-see destinations.

One Week in Peru: Classic Highlights

This itinerary focuses on Peru’s most famous sites, making it ideal for first-time visitors.

Day 1-2: Explore Lima’s historic center, eat your way through Miraflores and Barranco, and visit the coast at Paracas or the Ballestas Islands.
Day 3-4: Fly to Cusco and spend a day adjusting to the altitude. Explore Sacsayhuamán, San Pedro Market, and the Sacred Valley.
Day 5-6: Visit Machu Picchu by train or hike the Short Inca Trail. Spend the night in Aguas Calientes or return to Cusco.
Day 7: Fly back to Lima or extend your stay in Cusco.

Two Weeks in Peru: A Deeper Exploration

A two-week trip allows you to visit more regions while keeping a balanced pace.

Day 1-3: Spend time in Lima and take a day trip to Paracas or Huacachina.
Day 4-6: Fly to Cusco, visit the Sacred Valley, and take the train or hike to Machu Picchu.
Day 7-8: Travel to Lake Titicaca and visit the floating islands of Uros and Taquile.
Day 9-11: Fly to Arequipa, explore the historic center, and visit Colca Canyon.
Day 12-14: Head into the Amazon from Puerto Maldonado or Iquitos for a jungle lodge experience.

Three Weeks or More: The Ultimate Adventure

This itinerary includes Peru’s off-the-beaten-path destinations along with its major highlights.

Week 1: Explore Lima, Paracas, Huacachina, and Nazca before heading to Arequipa and Colca Canyon.
Week 2: Visit Cusco, the Sacred Valley, and Machu Picchu. Travel to Lake Titicaca before heading to the Amazon.
Week 3: Trek in Huaraz, surf in northern Peru, or visit hidden archaeological sites like Kuelap.

With more time, you can go beyond the typical tourist trail and experience Peru’s diverse landscapes, cultures, and activities.

Food and Drink in Peru

Peruvian cuisine is one of the most diverse in the world, blending indigenous ingredients with Spanish, African, and Asian influences. From fresh seafood to hearty mountain dishes, Peru’s food scene is a major highlight of any trip.

Traditional Peruvian Dishes to Try

Ceviche: Peru’s most famous dish, made with raw fish marinated in lime juice, chili, and onions.
Lomo saltado: A stir-fried mix of beef, onions, tomatoes, and soy sauce, served with rice and fries.
Aji de gallina: A creamy, mildly spicy chicken stew made with yellow chili peppers and served with rice.
Pachamanca: A traditional Andean dish where meat, potatoes, and vegetables are slow-cooked underground with hot stones.
Rocoto relleno: A spicy stuffed pepper filled with beef, egg, and cheese, popular in Arequipa.
Anticuchos: Grilled beef heart skewers, marinated in vinegar and spices, commonly sold as street food.
Causa rellena: A layered dish of mashed yellow potatoes stuffed with tuna, chicken, or avocado.

Best Places to Eat and Drink in Lima and Beyond

Central (Lima): Consistently ranked one of the best restaurants in the world, offering a tasting menu inspired by Peru’s different ecosystems.
Maido (Lima): A top-rated Nikkei (Japanese-Peruvian) restaurant known for its sushi and seafood dishes.
Panchita (Lima): A great spot for traditional Peruvian comfort food, including lomo saltado and anticuchos.
Chicha (Cusco): Owned by celebrity chef Gastón Acurio, this restaurant focuses on high-quality Andean cuisine.
San Pedro Market (Cusco): The best place to try local street food and fresh fruit juices.
La Nueva Palomino (Arequipa): One of the best places to try traditional Arequipeño dishes like rocoto relleno.

Pisco, Chicha, and Local Beverages

Pisco sour: Peru’s national cocktail, made with pisco brandy, lime juice, simple syrup, egg white, and bitters.
Chicha morada: A refreshing non-alcoholic drink made from purple corn, cinnamon, and fruit.
Inca Kola: Peru’s bright yellow soda with a bubblegum-like flavor, often more popular than Coca-Cola.
Chicha de jora: A fermented corn beer with a long history dating back to the Inca Empire.
Amazonian fruit juices: Exotic juices made from fruits like camu camu, aguaje, and lucuma, commonly found in jungle regions.

Peru’s food scene is just as impressive as its landscapes, making it a must-visit destination for culinary travelers.

Practical Travel Tips for Peru

A little preparation goes a long way when traveling in Peru. From adjusting to high altitudes to navigating transportation, these tips will help make your trip smoother and more enjoyable.

Altitude Sickness: How to Prevent and Manage It

Many of Peru’s most popular destinations, including Cusco, the Sacred Valley, and Lake Titicaca, are at high elevations. Altitude sickness can affect anyone, regardless of fitness level.

Take it slow: Spend your first day in Cusco or Puno resting and avoiding strenuous activity.
Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water and avoid excessive alcohol and caffeine.
Drink coca tea: A traditional Andean remedy that can help with symptoms.
Consider medication: Pills like acetazolamide (Diamox) can help with altitude adjustment.
Descend if necessary: If symptoms become severe, the best remedy is moving to a lower elevation.

Safety and Common Scams to Avoid

Peru is generally safe for travelers, but some common scams and petty crimes target tourists.

Pickpocketing: Be cautious in crowded areas, markets, and public transportation. Keep valuables secured.
Taxi scams: Use official taxi apps like Uber, InDriver, or Cabify instead of hailing street taxis.
Fake tour agencies: Always book tours with reputable companies, especially for trips to Machu Picchu and the Amazon.
ATM scams: Withdraw money from bank ATMs inside buildings rather than street kiosks to avoid card skimming.
“Helpful” locals at ATMs: If someone offers assistance while you’re using an ATM, politely decline.

Essential Apps and Resources

Google Maps: Useful for navigation, though not always reliable in remote areas.
Uber, InDriver, and Cabify: Ride-hailing apps for safer taxi options in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa.
Moovit: Helps with public transportation routes in Lima.
XE Currency: A reliable app for currency conversion.
Google Translate: Handy for communicating in Spanish, especially in rural areas.
RedBus: The best app for booking long-distance bus tickets in Peru.

Cultural Etiquette and Local Customs

Greetings: A handshake is common in formal settings, while friends often greet with a single cheek kiss.
Tipping: Not always expected but appreciated. In restaurants, 5 to 10 percent is standard.
Bargaining: Expected in markets but not in restaurants or hotels. Be respectful when negotiating prices.
Photography: Always ask permission before taking photos of locals, especially in indigenous communities.
Respecting traditions: Many Andean communities have strong cultural and spiritual traditions—be mindful when visiting sacred sites.

Being prepared makes a big difference when traveling in Peru. These tips will help you adjust, stay safe, and experience the country more smoothly.

Peru Travel FAQs

Planning a trip to Peru comes with plenty of questions. Here are answers to some of the most common ones to help make your travel experience easier.

Do I need a visa to visit Peru?

Most travelers can enter Peru visa-free for up to 90 or 183 days, depending on nationality. This includes citizens of the United States, Canada, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Australia, and most South American countries. Travelers from some African, Asian, and Middle Eastern countries need a visa in advance.

What is the best way to get around Peru?

For long distances, domestic flights are the fastest option, while long-distance buses are a more affordable alternative. Trains are available for Machu Picchu and some scenic routes, and taxis and ride-hailing apps like Uber and InDriver are best for city travel.

What side of the road do they drive on in Peru?

Peru follows right-hand driving. Roads in major cities and highways are generally good, but driving in rural areas can be challenging due to poor conditions and aggressive drivers.

What is the best time of year to visit Peru?

May to September is the best time for the Andes and Machu Picchu due to dry weather.
October to April is best for the Amazon and the coast, though it’s the rainy season in the mountains.
December to March is ideal for Lima and Peru’s beach towns.

Is Peru expensive?

Peru is affordable compared to many other South American destinations, but prices vary depending on travel style. Budget travelers can get by on $25–$50 per day, while mid-range travelers should budget $50–$150 per day. Luxury travel, including high-end hotels and guided tours, costs more.

Can I use my credit card in Peru?

Yes, Visa and Mastercard are widely accepted, but cash is necessary for small businesses, markets, and taxis. ATMs are common, but some charge high withdrawal fees.

Do I need travel insurance for Peru?

It’s not required but highly recommended for medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and lost luggage. Many destinations, including Machu Picchu and the Amazon, are remote, making coverage important.

What should I pack for Peru?

Pack based on the regions you’re visiting. The Andes require layers, including a warm jacket for cold nights. The Amazon requires lightweight, long-sleeve clothing and insect repellent. The coast is warm year-round, so light clothing, sunglasses, and sunscreen are essential.

Can I visit Machu Picchu without hiking?

Yes, the train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo is the easiest way to reach Aguas Calientes, the town below Machu Picchu. From there, a shuttle bus takes visitors up to the site.

What is the drinking age in Peru?

The legal drinking age is 18. Alcohol is widely available in cities and tourist areas, with local favorites including pisco sour and chicha morada.

Peru is an exciting destination with a mix of history, nature, and food. Planning ahead makes all the difference, so knowing these key details will help you travel with confidence.